出自 - 冷眼分享集

“烂”是指公司烂了,也就是公司亏蚀越来越大,最后走向破产。

“跌”是指股票的价格下跌。

凡是买股票的,无不谈“跌”色变。

无论是投资或投机者,都会畏“跌”如畏虎。

股票投资如用兵,兵败如山倒时,谁不魂飞魄散?

“跌”诚然是可怕的。

但对我这种长期投资者来说,有比“跌”更可怕,而且可怕十倍的。

那就是“烂”。

股票就是公司的股份。

股份的价值,长期来说,决定于公司的盈利表现。

如果公司的生产越做越大,越做越火红,盈利一年比一年多,那么,股份就会越来越值钱,股价就会持续不断的上升,你的财富也会与日俱增。

让你血本无归

如果公司的生意越做越萎缩,年年亏蚀,而且亏蚀额越来越大,最后可能面临破产的噩运,则股份的价值,必然一跌再跌,最后可能使你血本无归。

在短期内,股票的价格会受到股市走势或人为操纵的影响,波动激烈。

但长期来说,股价必然与公司的业绩同步,也就是说,股价必然会反映公司的业绩,只不过时间上有迟早之分而已。

如果我们以偏高的价格买进一只好股的话,当股市崩溃时,它的股价也会跟着下跌,投资者也会蒙受亏蚀。

如果你是长期投资者,你不理会股市的起落,紧握你的股份不放,当公司的盈利一年比一年多时,股份的价值就会跟着上升,你会反亏为赚。

投资致富最佳途径

如果你是低价买进好股的话,就会赚得更多。

这是靠股票投资致富的最佳、最稳当的途径。

世界上许多富豪,都是这样致富的,1968年世界首富保罗盖帝,当今世界富豪华伦巴菲特,都是典型的例子。

让我举一个大马的例子说明:

大众银行(PbBank,1295,主板金融股)在1996年金融风暴前的股价最高为4.64令吉,最低为3.04令吉。

假如你在1996年时以4.64令吉的最高价买进一千股(面值50仙)收藏至今,在收取五次红股及认购一次附加股之后,目前拥有一千九百五十股(面值一令吉),以今天9.60令吉的价格计算,价值一万八千余令吉,等于十年前投资额的四倍,假如把历年收到的丰厚股息也计算在内的话,赚了超过五百巴仙。

请注意,你在1996年时是以当年的最高价买进,仍能取得五百巴仙的盈利。如果是以当年最低价3.04令吉买进,就赚得更多。

大众银行在1998年金融风暴时曾一度跌至0.81令吉,如果你以此价买进的话,你将赚十倍以上。如果你继续拿下去的话,将来肯定能赚得更多。

大众银行的盈利,年年上升,是使你即使高价买进,仍能反败为胜的主要原因。

在十多年前,当第二板的股票,都被炒到十令吉以上时,我的朋友以十令吉的价格,买进一千股开屏(KaiPeng,8796,二板贸服股),坚守至今,由于该公司连年亏蚀,股价一跌再跌,今天只剩二分。

切勿低价买坏股

同样是高价买进,持股期限同样超过十年,买好股和买坏股,结果有天壤之别。

所以,散户宁可高价买好股,切勿低价买坏股。

当然,如果坚持反向策略,低价买好股,就可以赚得更多。

坏股即使低价,亦不可买,何况是高价。

低价买好股,使你盘满钵满。

高价买坏股,使你死无葬身之地。

在金融风暴之后,数以百计的公司被列入PN4,纷纷破产或被除牌,受害者多数是投机的散户,可引为殷鉴。

“烂”比“跌”更可怕。

可怕十倍。

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5 Comments

  1. pingjing Says:

    谢谢,冷眼分享集,收获巨大.

  2. Shiyu Tang Says:

    关键问题是如何分辨出“烂”公司。
    至少就我们小投资者而言,自己接触不到的公司就很难看出好坏来。报表也只能反映过去而不是未来。有的时候,突然间,一间大的、优秀的公司会堕落为一个垃圾公司。就以大陆来说,就有一个典型的例子就是TCL。其管理层以前把它从零做大到中国前三强的电子公司,全国1/4的电视机和移动电话是该公司的产品,但它也能在几年间亏得一塌糊涂,甚至卖地求生。而它的管理人员还是没有什么变化。这种事情,真的很难看出来。

  3. mark Says:

    如果帐面显示公司盈利情况良好,而且每年帐面上赚到的钱有相当比例都用来分红的公司,相对来说安全系数应该会更一些的,当该公司的分红习惯改变时,这时应该小心些了。

  4. tan81 Says:

    to shiyu,

    关键问题是如何分辨出“烂”公司。 i have suggestions. refer to buffet and peter lynch, they are using same method to overcome this problem. But too many people do not agree and neglect it.

    They only buy the biz that they understood and familiar with. Never invest in the area or company that you are not confident to understand very well. For example, warren buffet dispose china petrol. many people argue that he does not really understand the value of it and the situation in China. From my point of view, this is not a question on investment. I think he did right, as he is following his own philosophy. If he is really does not understand the situation of china or not sure about the value of china petrol, if you were buffet, what should you do? yes, dispose it!

    Thats the way to keep on winning in all the life of investment. always putting your risk as low as you can. China is so big. Sometimes, invest in a company, you never use its products or visit to his company. there is risk. If you still want to take it, its fine. But, if want to prevent from fraud problem, since beginning, we suppose not to invest such a way!

    For me, i prefer that company products are always around me, or i can know its progress. For example, i invest in Keladi, i have a friend work in Intell. He can tell me the property development is fine over there. I invest in vitrox, i have friends working as E&E engineers. they told me that E&E industries are getting more purchase orders, means electronics resilient time is over. I invest in Shell, i can see Shell is a branded petrol station in PJ, many people prefer it.

    By doing so, you may lost a lots of good opportunity, or maybe shorter lists of good company, but this will prevent you to invest in 烂公司.

    Even the company starts to change from good to bad, you still have chance to know it 1st, if its products/service or company is around you.

    prevention is important than solution. I do not think there is any solution when your investment becomes 烂公司.

  5. Shiyu Tang Says:

    关键问题是如何防范风险。中国有1500只A股和100只B股,这就是我们可以投资的。但是由于股市已经连续上升数年了,涨了3-5倍了,所以选择的范围就很小了。在这种情况下,我也只敢买类似中集(CIMC)这样股价相对较低、又在国际上有知名度的企业的股票;其次就是买一些小企业的股票,找一些有希望成功的公司的股票买。

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